Sustainability is becoming the new norm in building materials. In order for a roof to be considered sustainable, it has to possess one or more of the following: be environmentally friendly, be energy-efficient, have a long life, provide renewable value at the end of its life and be feasible in cost. We may believe that there are few options when it comes to roofing, but here are 5 options that are energy-efficient, long-term and cost-effective.

1. Metal

Aluminum and steel are the most common types of metal roofing material used on homes. However, that is not to belittle zinc, aluminum, tin, copper or galvanized steel as choices. All kinds of metal possess a shared benefit. They are lightweight and easier to install than many other roofing materials. Copper and zinc are becoming trendy in higher class neighborhoods due to the patina that delivers a natural aesthetic quality. All metals will reflect the sun's powerful rays, adding a more comfortable temperature inside.

2. Plastic Spray Polyurethane Foam (SPF)

When contractors are faced with challenges of unusual designs and still required to keep a roofing project sustainable, SPF has been able to help. While polyurethane is far from a natural material, a sustainable material is also characterized as not damaging its resource. With the materials and manufacturing far below the levels of cost and availability, this source of 'shrink-wrap' is considered sustainable. A recoat every 15 to 20 years is all the maintenance required. SPF works well under conditions of reaching the roof from the inside and can easily be sealed off from public areas to prevent gases.

3. Terra Cotta

Terra cotta, or clay tile has been a sustainable type of roofing materials for centuries. Made with natural clay and molded into different aesthetic shapes and glazed in stunning colors, terra cotta is a favorite in high-scale communities. The high cost does little to claim as sustainable, but the longevity, plentiful resource and durability make it a candidate for a great roofing material. Clay tile is heavy and the structure needs to be deemed strong enough to endure the heavy weight of tile.

4. Concrete Tiles

Concrete tiles are an option that is spreading in the commercial building industry. Although quite extensive in producing and known to create a certain degree of CO2 gases, concrete can be a good investment for a commercial building. Areas where flat roofs are prominent, like cities with industrial buildings, concrete is useful in installation and longevity. Commercial roofing Brooklyn experts often use concrete on flat roofs due to the close proximity of buildings and the long durability. Concrete is even heavier than clay. Foundations and walls must be able to bear the weight with like-minded materials in the foundation and wall bearing supports.

5. Slate

Naturally sustainable, slate has been used as roofing material for centuries. Fire-resistant, waterproof, and durable, a slate roof can last for over a hundred years. Some areas of the world have used slate since the 8th century due to its longevity and aesthetic appearance. The uneven thickness and width is amazingly appealing to the eye. Different colors can be found according to the location where mined. Slate is a magnificent mineral to look at with the ever changing colors against a sunset or sunrise.

Every area of the world uses different types of sustainable roofing materials depending on the availability, weather and historical significance. Asphalt shingles are becoming second-rate due to this minimal durability and non-sustainable nature of the materials used. Other sources, such as wood or straw are limited in their potential to provide adequate coverage. Rooftop gardens are an excellent idea but lack the engineering time and cost required to create.

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